Effects of Ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin is a commonly prescribed antibiotic that can be used to treat a variety of bacterial infections 12. It can come as a pill or a liquid suspensions which can either be consumed orally or as eye drops. Ciprofloxacin can also be used to treat people who may have been exposed to anthrax 12.
If you are experiencing serious medical symptoms, seek emergency treatment immediately.
Bacterial Overgrowth
One risk of taking antibiotics is the fact that antibiotics kill bacteria throughout the body, including in the intestinal tract. The intestines are filled with a variety of bacteria that do not cause any infections and can aid in digestion. Antibiotics can kill off these bacteria (also known as commensal bacteria), which then can allow other bacteria to overgrow the intestines (since there are no other bacteria to compete for the intestine's resources). This can lead to abdominal pain and cramping, as well as gas, bloating and diarrhea (especially watery diarrhea).
- One risk of taking antibiotics is the fact that antibiotics kill bacteria throughout the body, including in the intestinal tract.
- Antibiotics can kill off these bacteria (also known as commensal bacteria), which then can allow other bacteria to overgrow the intestines (since there are no other bacteria to compete for the intestine's resources).
Common Side Effects
Sulfameth/Trimethoprim Side Effects
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Ciprofloxacin can also also cause certain side effects 12. The most common of these are mild. These include stomach problems, which can manifest themselves as stomach pain, vomiting and nausea. They can also cause acid reflux and heartburn, which is caused by the contents of the stomach escaping into the esophagus. Cirpofloxacin can also cause a headache as well as problems with the urinary system. This can cause patients to feel like they need to urinate all the time and to experience a burning sensation upon urination. Women may also experience a discharge from the vagina combined with vaginal itching.
- Ciprofloxacin can also also cause certain side effects 1.
- They can also cause acid reflux and heartburn, which is caused by the contents of the stomach escaping into the esophagus.
Serious Side Effects
Ciprofloxacin can also cause very serious complications 12. Ciprofloxacin can also cause a fever, a rapid or irregular heartbeat, as well as joint and muscle pain 12. Ciprofloxacin can also cause liver damage which can lead to abdominal pain and problems with bleeding and bruising easily, as well as jaundice (yellowing of the skin as well as the whites of the eyes) 12. It can also cause inflammation of the tendons which can lead to the tendons rupturing.
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References
- MedlinePlus: Ciprofloxacin
- Drugs.com: Ciprofloxacin
- MedlinePlus: Intestinal Overgrowth
- Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) Patient Insert. Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc. Oct 2008.
- Nitzan O, Elias M, Peretz A, Saliba W. Role of antibiotics for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2016;22(3):1078-87. doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i3.1078
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. "FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA advises restricting fluoroquinolone antibiotic use for certain uncomplicated infections; warns about disabling side effects that can occur together." FDA.gov. 7 March 2018.
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA advises restricting fluoroquinolone antibiotic use for certain uncomplicated infections; warns about disabling side effects that can occur together. May 12, 2016.
- Shimatsu K, Subramaniam S, Sim H, Aronowitz P. Ciprofloxacin-induced tendinopathy of the gluteal tendons. J Gen Intern Med. 2014;29(11):1559-62. doi:10.1007/s11606-014-2960-4
- Food and Drug Administration. FDA warns about increased risk of ruptures or tears in the aorta blood vessel with fluoroquinolone antibiotics in certain patients. 12/21/18.
- Yu X, Jiang DS, Wang J, et al. Fluoroquinolone Use and the Risk of Collagen-Associated Adverse Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Drug Safety. 2019;42(9):1025-1033. doi:10.1007/s40264-019-00828-z
- Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) Patient Insert. Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc. Oct 2008.
- Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America. Antibiotics. 22 Mar 2011.
Writer Bio
Adam Cloe has been published in various scientific journals, including the "Journal of Biochemistry." He is currently a pathology resident at the University of Chicago. Cloe holds a Bachelor of Arts in biochemistry from Boston University, a M.D. from the University of Chicago and a Ph.D. in pathology from the University of Chicago.