Health Dangers of Drinking Soda
Drinking soda on an everyday basis can have health consequences. While an occasional soda is not a health risk for most people, regular consumption, even one or two sodas daily, can add up to health trouble over the long run, whether it is diet soda or regular. Over-consumption of soda has been linked to increased risk of a variety of diseases and health conditions, some of which can pose serious health risks.
If you are experiencing serious medical symptoms, seek emergency treatment immediately.
Obesity
Regular soda consumption has been linked with increased risk of overweight and obesity, which are, in turn, associated with higher risk of a heart disease, diabetes and many other serious health issues. A 2011 review published in the journal “Circulation” states that a positive association has been shown between sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption and weight gain in both children and adults.
Cardiovascular Health
The Disadvantages of Soft Drinks
Learn More
Drinking diet soda regularly may affect cardiovascular health. According to a February 2011 news release from the American Heart Association, research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference found that people who drink diet soda every day have a 61 percent higher risk of vascular events than those who reported no soda consumption.
Metabolic Syndrome
Regular soda drinkers have been shown to be at higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome, which is a group of symptoms that indicate a heightened risk of heart disease, diabetes and stroke. To be diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, a person must display at least three of the following symptoms; excess fat in the abdominal area, high triglyceride levels, low HDL cholesterol levels, high blood pressure and high fasting blood sugar. According to a 2007 study published in the journal “Circulation,” researchers concluded that there was a 40 percent higher adjusted prevalence of metabolic syndrome among participants who drank one or more soft drinks daily relative to those with infrequent soft drink consumption, and this association remained consistent with both diet and regular soft drinks 2.
Kidney Problems
The Effects of Carbonated Beverages on Kidneys
Learn More
Diet soda has been associated with kidney problems, according to an August 2010 study published in the “Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.” Study authors concluded that women who drank more than two servings a day of artificially sweetened soda per day saw a decrease in kidney function over 20 years that was three times the rate of decline found in women who did not drink diet soda 3. No association was found between the consumption of sugar sweetened sodas and kidney function decline 3.
Other Health Risks
Other health risks associated with regular consumption of soda include dental problems and increased osteoporosis risk. Soda contains acidic ingredients that can erode tooth enamel, resulting in tooth decay. Frequent soda drinkers often consume fewer nutrient-rich beverages in the daily diet, such as milk and juice, replacing them with soft drinks, decreasing calcium intake and increasing the risk of developing osteoporosis.
Related Articles
References
- “Circulation”; Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk; Vasanti S. Malik Et Al.; 2010
- “Circulation”; Soft Drink Consumption and Risk of Developing Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and the Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged Adults in the Community; Ravi Dhingra Et Al.; May 2007
- “Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology”; Associations of Sugar and Artificially Sweetened Soda with Albuminuria and Kidney Function Decline in Women; Dr. Julie Lin Et Al.; August 2010
- Coca-Cola Bottle, 12 fl oz. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Published February 27, 2020.
- 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
- How much sugar is too much? American Heart Association.
- Freeman CR, Zehra A, Ramirez V, Wiers CE, Volkow ND, Wang GJ. Impact of sugar on the body, brain, and behavior. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2018;23:2255-2266. Published 2018 Jun 1.
- Pasiakos SM, McLellan TM, Lieberman HR. The effects of protein supplements on muscle mass, strength, and aerobic and anaerobic power in healthy adults: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2015;45(1):111-131. doi:10.1007/s40279-014-0242-2
- Blom WA, Lluch A, Stafleu A, et al. Effect of a high-protein breakfast on the postprandial ghrelin response. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83(2):211-220. doi:10.1093/ajcn/83.2.211
- Tipton KD. Nutritional Support for Exercise-Induced Injuries. Sports Med. 2015;45 Suppl 1:S93-S104. doi:10.1007/s40279-015-0398-4
- Kerstetter JE, Kenny AM, Insogna KL. Dietary protein and skeletal health: a review of recent human research. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2011;22(1):16-20. doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e3283419441
- Paddon-Jones D, Short KR, Campbell WW, Volpi E, Wolfe RR. Role of dietary protein in the sarcopenia of aging. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 May;87(5):1562S-1566S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/87.5.1562S. PMID: 18469288.
- Maughan RJ, Griffin J. Caffeine ingestion and fluid balance: a review. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2003 Dec;16(6):411-20. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-277x.2003.00477.x. PMID: 19774754.
- Lete I, Allué J. The Effectiveness of Ginger in the Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting during Pregnancy and Chemotherapy. Integr Med Insights. 2016;11:11-17. Published 2016 Mar 31. doi:10.4137/IMI.S36273
- Laura Helm, Ian A. Macdonald, Impact of beverage intake on metabolic and cardiovascular health, Nutrition Reviews, Volume 73, Issue suppl_2, 1 September 2015, Pages 120–129, https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuv049
- Ma J, Jacques PF, Meigs JB, et al. Sugar-Sweetened Beverage but Not Diet Soda Consumption Is Positively Associated with Progression of Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes. J Nutr. 2016;146(12):2544-2550. doi:10.3945/jn.116.234047
- Rippe JM, Angelopoulos TJ. Relationship between Added Sugars Consumption and Chronic Disease Risk Factors: Current Understanding. Nutrients. 2016;8(11):697. Published 2016 Nov 4. doi:10.3390/nu8110697
- Bucher Della Torre S, Keller A, Laure Depeyre J, Kruseman M. Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Obesity Risk in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Analysis on How Methodological Quality May Influence Conclusions. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2016;116(4):638-659. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2015.05.020
- Bray GA, Nielsen SJ, Popkin BM. Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup in beverages may play a role in the epidemic of obesity [published correction appears in Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Oct;80(4):1090]. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;79(4):537-543. doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.4.537
- Vartanian LR, Schwartz MB, Brownell KD. Effects of soft drink consumption on nutrition and health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(4):667-675. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.083782
- Pollock NK, Bundy V, Kanto W, et al. Greater fructose consumption is associated with cardiometabolic risk markers and visceral adiposity in adolescents [published correction appears in J Nutr. 2013 Jan;143(1):123]. J Nutr. 2012;142(2):251-257. doi:10.3945/jn.111.150219
- Elffers TW, de Mutsert R, Lamb HJ, et al. Body fat distribution, in particular visceral fat, is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in obese women. PLoS One. 2017;12(9):e0185403. Published 2017 Sep 28. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185403
- Yudkin J. Sugar and ischaemic heart disease. Practitioner. 1967;198(187):680-683.
- Liu S, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, et al. A prospective study of dietary glycemic load, carbohydrate intake, and risk of coronary heart disease in US women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71(6):1455-1461. doi:10.1093/ajcn/71.6.1455
- Cohen L, Curhan G, Forman J. Association of sweetened beverage intake with incident hypertension. J Gen Intern Med. 2012;27(9):1127-1134. doi:10.1007/s11606-012-2069-6
- Welsh JA, Sharma A, Cunningham SA, Vos MB. Consumption of added sugars and indicators of cardiovascular disease risk among US adolescents. Circulation. 2011;123(3):249-257. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.972166
- Assy N, Nasser G, Kamayse I, et al. Soft drink consumption linked with fatty liver in the absence of traditional risk factors. Can J Gastroenterol. 2008;22(10):811-816. doi:10.1155/2008/810961
- Jiantao Ma, Caroline S. Fox, Paul F. Jacques, Elizabeth K. Speliotes, Udo Hoffmann, Caren E. Smith, Edward Saltzman, Nicola M. McKeown,Sugar-sweetened beverage, diet soda, and fatty liver disease in the Framingham Heart Study cohorts. Journal of Hepatology 63;2(2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2015.03.032.
- Avena NM, Bocarsly ME, Hoebel BG. Animal models of sugar and fat bingeing: relationship to food addiction and increased body weight. Methods Mol Biol. 2012;829:351-365. doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-458-2_23
- Avena NM, Rada P, Hoebel BG. Evidence for sugar addiction: behavioral and neurochemical effects of intermittent, excessive sugar intake. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2008;32(1):20-39. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.04.019
- Choi HK, Willett W, Curhan G. Fructose-rich beverages and risk of gout in women. JAMA. 2010;304(20):2270-2278. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1638
- Choi HK, Curhan G. Soft drinks, fructose consumption, and the risk of gout in men: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2008;336(7639):309-312. doi:10.1136/bmj.39449.819271.BE
- Jamnik J, Rehman S, Blanco Mejia S, et al. Fructose intake and risk of gout and hyperuricemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ Open. 2016;6(10):e013191. Published 2016 Oct 3. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013191
- Tooth. American Dental Association. https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/t/tooth.
- Cheng R, Yang H, Shao MY, Hu T, Zhou XD. Dental erosion and severe tooth decay related to soft drinks: a case report and literature review. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2009;10(5):395-399. doi:10.1631/jzus.B0820245
- Hanover LM, White JS. Manufacturing, composition, and applications of fructose. Am J Clin Nutr. 1993;58(5 Suppl):724S-732S. doi:10.1093/ajcn/58.5.724S
- Meghan B. Azad, Ahmed M. Abou-Setta, Bhupendrasinh F. Chauhan, et al. Nonnutritive sweeteners and cardiometabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies. CMAJ Jul 2017, 189 (28) E929-E939; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.161390
- Fowler, S.P., Williams, K., Resendez, R.G., Hunt, K.J., Hazuda, H.P. and Stern, M.P. (2008), Fueling the Obesity Epidemic? Artificially Sweetened Beverage Use and Long‐term Weight Gain. Obesity, 16: 1894-1900. doi:10.1038/oby.2008.284
- Fowler SP, Williams K, Hazuda HP. Diet soda intake is associated with long-term increases in waist circumference in a biethnic cohort of older adults: the San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2015;63(4):708-715. doi:10.1111/jgs.13376
Writer Bio
Melinda L. Secor left a 20-year career in health care and developmental disabilities to become a full-time freelance writer. In addition to blogging regularly, she writes for numerous websites on a wide range of topics that include politics, finance, homeschooling, parenting, sustainable living/self sufficiency, health, developmental disabilities, gardening and many others.