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How the Smell of Food Affects the Way It Tastes
A process that involves the cells of your tongue and nasal passages causes the smell of food to affect taste. The conjunction of the senses of smell and taste allows your brain to define a food’s flavor. Certain lifestyle choices, vitamin deficiencies and illnesses can decrease your perception of flavor.
Flavor
Your brain perceives the singular sensation of flavor as a combination of a food's actual taste, smell and texture, according to the "Scientific American" website 1. A food's actual taste refers to the sensations that the cells in the taste buds are capable of detecting. These tastes are bitter, salty, sour and sweet. Sensory cells near the taste buds perceive textures of the food or drink, such as creaminess, spiciness and temperature.
- Your brain perceives the singular sensation of flavor as a combination of a food's actual taste, smell and texture, according to the "Scientific American" website 1.
Experimenting With Smell and Taste
How to Taste Food With a Stuffy Nose
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The openings of your nasal passages contain the cells that perceive smell. These smell cells relay information to the mouth via olfactory referral. The "Scientific American" explains the phenomenon of olfactory referral by describing an experiment in which you hold your nose while chewing a strawberry jellybean. You will detect sweetness and sourness as your taste buds make contact with the jellybean, and your sensory cells will perceive a hard then soft feeling as you chew the jellybean. The sense of smell is absent because you temporarily block the flow of air through the nasal passages. Let go of your nose to allow the odor molecules from the jellybean to travel through your nasal passage to the cells that perceive smell. At this point you should perceive the strawberry flavor of the jellybean.
- The openings of your nasal passages contain the cells that perceive smell.
- You will detect sweetness and sourness as your taste buds make contact with the jellybean, and your sensory cells will perceive a hard then soft feeling as you chew the jellybean.
Taste Impairment
Your perception of flavor may be less keen if you smoke heavily, because of cigarette tar‘s potential to impair the taste buds. A deficiency of zinc or vitamin B-12 can also impair your sense of taste. Those who quit smoking eventually gain a better perception of flavor. Consult your doctor if you suspect a deficiency of vitamin B-12 or zinc as the cause for an impaired sense of taste.
- Your perception of flavor may be less keen if you smoke heavily, because of cigarette tar‘s potential to impair the taste buds.
Illnesses and Taste
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Illnesses can also impair your sense of taste and your ability to perceive flavor. Your normal sense of taste will return once your illness passes. Always seek medical attention and follow prescribed treatment methods for your condition.
Related Articles
References
- Scientific American; How Does the Way Food Looks or its Smell Influence Taste?; Dana Small; April 2008
- Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia; Taste - Impaired; March 2011
- National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders (NIDCD). Taste Disorders. Last update May 12, 2017.
- Su N, Ching V, Grushka M. Taste Disorders: A Review. J Can Dent Assoc. September 2013.
- Hur K, Choi JS, Zheng M, Shen J, Wrobel B. Association of alterations in smell and taste with depression in older adults. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2018;3(2):94-99. doi:10.1002/lio2.142
- American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. Smell and Taste.
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Taste Disorders.
- Su, N., Ching, V. & Grushka, M. (2015). Taste Disorder: A Review.
Writer Bio
Chris Passas is a freelance writer from Nags Head, N.C. He graduated from East Carolina University in 2002 with a bachelor's degree in journalism. He has written online instructional articles since September 2009.